【作品简介】
《哀王孙》由杜甫创作，被选入《唐诗三百首》。唐玄宗天宝十五年（756）六月九日，潼关失守，十三日玄宗奔蜀，仅携贵妃姊妹几人，其余妃嫔、皇孙、公主皆不及逃走。七月安禄山部将孙孝哲攻陷长安，先后杀戮霍长公主以下百余人。诗中所指王孙，应是大难中的幸存者。
这首诗先追忆安史祸乱发生前的征兆；接着写明皇委弃王孙匆促出奔，王孙流落的痛苦；最后密告王孙内外的形势，叮咛王孙自珍，等待河山光复。
唐大历四年(769年)，杜甫由湖北入湘，登岳阳楼，游洞庭湖，溯湘江而上，至耒阳，次年四月病故。据《旧唐书.杜甫传》记载， 杜甫在耒阳游岳庙，“大水遽至，涉旬不得食，县令馈送牛肉白酒，甫饮过多，一夕而卒”，葬于杜甫墓。
【中英对照翻译】
哀王孙
杜甫
长安城头头白乌， 夜飞延秋门上呼；
又向人家啄大屋， 屋底达官走避胡。
金鞭断折九马死， 骨肉不待同驰驱。
腰下宝玦青珊瑚， 问之不肯道姓名，
问之不肯道姓名， 但道困苦乞为奴。
已经百日窜荆棘， 身上无有完肌肤。
高帝子孙尽隆准， 龙种自与常人殊。
豺狼在邑龙在野， 王孙善保千金躯。
不敢长语临交衢， 且为王孙立斯须。
昨夜东风吹血腥， 东来橐驼满旧都。
朔方健儿好身手， 昔何勇锐今何愚？
窃闻天子已传位， 圣德北服南单于。
花门剺面请雪耻， 慎勿出口他人狙。
哀哉王孙慎勿疏， 五陵佳气无时无。
A SONG OF A PRINCE DEPOSED
Du Fu
Along the wall of the Capital a white-headed crow
Flies to the Gate where Autumn Enters and screams there in the night,
Then turns again and pecks among the roofs of a tall mansion
Whose lord, a mighty mandarin, has fled before the Tartars,
With his golden whip now broken, his nine war-horses dead
And his own flesh and bone scattered to the winds....
There's a rare ring of green coral underneath the vest
Of a Prince at a street-corner, bitterly sobbing,
Who has to give a false name to anyone who asks him-
Just a poor fellow, hoping for employment.
A hundred days' hiding in grasses and thorns
Show on his body from head to foot.
But, since their first Emperor, all with hooknoses,
These Dragons look different from ordinary men.
Wolves are in the palace now and Dragons are lost in the desert --
O Prince, be very careful of your most sacred person!
I dare not address you long, here by the open road,
Nor even to stand beside you for more than these few moments.
Last night with the spring-wind there came a smell of blood;
The old Capital is full of camels from the east.
Our northern warriors are sound enough of body and of hand --
Oh, why so brave in olden times and so craven now?
Our Emperor, we hear, has given his son the throne
And the southern border-chieftains are loyally inclined
And the Huamen and Limian tribes are gathering to avenge us.
But still be careful-keep yourself well hidden from the dagger.
Unhappy Prince, I beg you, be constantly on guard --
Till power blow to your aid from the Five Imperial Tombs.