【作品简介】
《洛阳女儿行》由王维创作,被选入《唐诗三百首》。这首诗描写洛阳贵妇生活的富丽豪贵,夫婿行为的骄奢放荡,揭示了高层社会的骄奢淫逸。这首诗开头八句是叙洛阳女出身骄贵和衣食住行的豪富奢侈。“狂夫”八句是叙洛阳女丈夫行为之骄奢放荡和作为玩物的贵妇的娇媚无聊。“城中”四句是写她们的交住尽是贵戚。并以西施出身寒微作为反衬,发抒作者的感慨。
以军旅和边塞生活为题材的《从军行》、《陇西行》、《燕支行》、《观猎》、《使至塞上》、《出塞作》等,都是壮阔飞动之作。《陇头吟》、《老将行》则抒发了将军有功不赏的悲哀,反映了封建统治阶级内部矛盾的一个侧面。《观猎》生动地描写了打猎时的情景。《夷门歌》歌咏历史人物的侠义精神。《少年行》四首表现侠少的勇敢豪放,形象鲜明,笔墨酣畅。这些作品一般认为是王维早期所作。还有一些诗歌,如贬官济州时所作《济上四贤咏》以及《寓言》、《不遇咏》和后期所作《偶然作》六首之五《赵女弹箜篌》,对于豪门贵族把持仕途、才士坎坷不遇的不合理现象表示愤慨,反映了开元、天宝时期封建政治的某些阴暗面。《洛阳女儿行》、《西施咏》则以比兴手法,寄托了因贵贱不平而生的感慨和对权贵的讽刺。还有抒写妇女痛苦的《息夫人》、《班婕妤》等,悲惋深沉,也具有一定的社会意义。一些赠送亲友和描写日常生活的抒情小诗,如《送别》“山中相送罢”、《临高台送黎拾遗》、《送元二使安西》、《送沈子福归江东》,《九月九日忆山东兄弟》、《相思》、《杂诗》“君自故乡来”等,千百年来传诵人口;《送元二使安西》、《相思》等在当时即播为乐曲,广为传唱。这些小诗都是五言或七言绝句,感情真挚,语言明朗自然,不用雕饰,具有淳朴深厚之美,可与李白、王昌龄的绝句媲美,代表了盛唐绝句的最高成就。
【中英对照翻译】
洛阳女儿行
王维
洛阳女儿对门居, 才可容颜十五余。
良人玉勒乘骢马, 侍女金盘脍鲤鱼。
画阁朱楼尽相望, 红桃绿柳垂檐向。
罗帷送上七香车, 宝扇迎归九华帐。
狂夫富贵在青春, 意气骄奢剧季伦。
自怜碧玉亲教舞, 不惜珊瑚持与人。
春窗曙灭九微火, 九微片片飞花璅。
戏罢曾无理曲时, 妆成祇是薰香坐。
城中相识尽繁华, 日夜经过赵李家。
谁怜越女颜如玉, 贫贱江头自浣纱。
A SONG OF A GIRL FROM LOYANG
Wang Wei
There's a girl from Loyang in the door across the street,
She looks fifteen, she may be a little older.
...While her master rides his rapid horse with jade bit an bridle,
Her handmaid brings her cod-fish in a golden plate.
On her painted pavilions, facing red towers,
Cornices are pink and green with peach-bloom and with willow,
Canopies of silk awn her seven-scented chair,
And rare fans shade her, home to her nine-flowered curtains.
Her lord, with rank and wealth and in the bud of life,
Exceeds in munificence the richest men of old.
He favours this girl of lowly birth, he has her taught to dance;
And he gives away his coral-trees to almost anyone.
The wind of dawn just stirs when his nine soft lights go out,
Those nine soft lights like petals in a flying chain of flowers.
Between dances she has barely time for singing over the songs;
No sooner is she dressed again than incense burns before her.
Those she knows in town are only the rich and the lavish,
And day and night she is visiting the hosts of the gayest mansions.
...Who notices the girl from Yue with a face of white jade,
Humble, poor, alone, by the river, washing silk?